How are rollers classified by material?

Published:

2023-03-01

The rollers are mainly divided into three categories according to material: cast iron rollers, cast steel rollers, and forged steel rollers. The carbon content of cast iron rollers is 2. 5% About 50/0-3.5%, which can be divided into four categories according to main materials: chilled cast iron rollers, infinite chilled cast iron rollers, high chromium cast iron rollers, and ductile iron rollers. The common structures in cast iron rollers can be divided into three categories: matrix, cementite, and graphite. The matrix structure mainly includes austenite, ferrite, pearlite, bainite, and martensite. The morphology of graphite in cast iron generally includes two types: flake and spherical.

Cast steel rollers can be divided into two categories: steel rollers (carbon content 0 4% - 114%) and semi steel rollers (carbon content 1 4%~2.40/0), steel rollers have a low carbon content, so their hardness is low. Their structure is generally composed of ferrite and pearlite. With the increase of carbon content, the amount of ferrite decreases and the amount of pearlite increases. To improve hardness, alloy elements such as chromium, nickel, manganese, molybdenum, and vanadium can be added, or special heat treatment can be performed. Due to the high tensile strength and toughness of steel rollers, they are suitable for blooming or blooming mills with high rolling temperatures and heavy rolling loads, and can also be used as support rollers. If special heat treatment is performed to obtain a high hardness above HS90, it can also be used as a cold rolling work roll.

The carbon content of semi steel roller is between cast steel roller and cast iron roller, and its hardness is higher than that of ordinary cast steel roller, but lower than that of cast iron roller. The main characteristic of semi steel roller is that the internal hardness drop is very small, so it is particularly suitable for manufacturing deep hole roller. If silicon content is increased in the material of semi steel rollers, graphitization treatment can provide high resistance to thermal cracking and strong toughness. As blooming rollers, large section steel rough rollers, blooming and continuous rolling mill rollers, and vertical rollers for hot strip continuous rolling mills, good rolling effects can be achieved.

Through smelting, forging, and heat treatment, forged steel rollers enable the working layer of the roller body to have high hardness, high wear resistance, and excellent accident resistance, while ensuring that the roller neck and core of the roller body have certain strength and high toughness. This unique performance of forged steel rollers gives them irreplaceable advantages in cold rolling and nonferrous rolling, which cannot be replaced by cast rollers.

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